Powdered infant formula (PIF) has been linked to cases of serious illness and death in infants due to Enterobacter sakazakii infections. PPNs can be contaminated with dangerous bacteria such as Enterobacter sakazakii and Salmonella enterica during the manufacturing process. Current manufacturing techniques do not allow the production of sterile PPN. During the preparation of these PPN before consumption, inappropriate handling can exacerbate the problem.

Recognising the need to address these risks associated with NPP, the Codex Alimentarius Commission has decided to revise the Recommended International Code of Hygienic Practice for Foods for Infants and Young Children.

PIF Guidelines https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241595414